Cost. You could pay +£5000 for a very nice off road motorbike ( 500 cc - 750 cc )which would be fast and comfortable; but we already know we only need to go a bit faster than a bicycle to maximize our enjoyment of the countryside. If we were only doing distances equating to bicycle riding or a bit more then comfort is not a high priority. A small motorbike ( 50 cc - 100 cc ) would cost around £500, 10% of its bigger brothers. They're not fast but then were in no hurry, and they're of moderate comfort but we won't be on them for long stretches of time.
Spares. The bigger more expensive bikes have bigger more expensive spare parts! Its all very nice to have your 750 cc trail bike somewhere in outback Iran but will there be a bike shop with the part you require? How common is your bike in the countries you travel through? Its maybe ok in Europe, but that's only part of the journey. The smaller bikes have cheaper spare parts and because more of the locals can afford them there's more parts kicking about.
Fuel. The average fuel consumption for big versus small is 40 mph vs 100 mph, a 2.5 times saving on a small cc bike. Also fuel availability and quality! varies tremendously from country to country. A small single cylinder will take more dirty rough fuel than its bigger 4 cylinder pal, again with cheaper consequences.
Reliability The current big touring bikes are fairly reliable, but drop/crash one and the damage will be expensive and repairing may require specialized facilities due to their more advanced features. Take something like a 50 cc Honda which is extremely reliable, very easy to repair ( very few parts ), not much to damage if dropped and as they use older technology, i.e. drum brakes, they're easier to work on with limited mechanical knowledge.
Weight The big versus small as far as weight is concerned is obvious. Try pushing a 750 cc that has broken down / ran out of fuel / up a hill, in 35 deg heat compared to a 50 cc put! put!. Situations you are likely to encounter eg. ferries- a small bike would be almost considered as a bicycle, easy to load , less space taken up and lighter. Two people could lift one easy onto whatever? truck , bus , back of a donkey!! Imagine a 750 cc strapped to the back of a donkey!! Ok a bit tongue in cheek but you get the idea. As far as luggage goes you don't need that much. We travelled through Central America for 3 months with day packs. So apart from some spares and water proofs, a small bike could carry all you require and with all the money you have saved from buying a small cheap bike you could buy what you need as you travel along.
Easy of operation Bigger bikes require a more experienced rider due to size, speed and manoeuvrability. With top speeds in excess of 100 mph a certain amount of skill is required and balance on rough , bumpy terrain. Small bikes are more suited to inexperienced riders, you only have to go on holiday to see the plethora of small bikes for hire.Being closer to the ground they're easier to balance, and with top speeds of around 50-60mph not much faster than a bicycle going down hill. Another advantage small bikes have are automatic clutch control and only 3 gears to worry about.
License / insurance A full car driving license covers you for a 50 cc motor bike even if you take a passenger. A larger motor bike requires a motor bike license, which if you don't have one , takes time and money to get. As far as insurance goes the difference between a 50 cc bike and 750 cc is huge and then some!. For the UK the savings are more than the cost of your small motor bike, as well as cheaper road tax!. Another point to remember is if your £300 bike gets wrecked / stolen would you be as devastated if it was a 750 cc £5000 bike, especially in some far off country. Would you leave your expensive bike at the side of the road and forget about it? If your small bike is wrecked beyond repair you could double up with someone or catch the bus! less worry & stress, all part of the fun.
Security Imagine travelling through Afghanistan with
your big shiny 750 cc motor bike with all the gear on it,
scooting along at 70 mph. Compare that to a Honda 50 cc battered
and bruised motor bike, cruising along at 30 mph, with not much
gear, which one do you think the locals would fire their anti-tank
missile at?!!! In all seriousness though a big bike requires you
to keep an eye on it , ( it cost you a lot of money! ), it also
draws attention to itself as the local people couldn't afford one,
therefore you must be rich!!.Compare that to a a dime a dozen 50
cc bike, its the same one as the locals use, in fact you almost
look like a local, so it would be less likely that you draw
attention to yourself. The possibility of theft would be reduced
as well as robbery of your possessions.
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